Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Salmonella typhi Secara In Vitro

Abstract

Background: Salmonella typhi is the bacterium responsible for typhoid fever, an acute infection of the digestive system. Antibiotic-resistant Salmonella typhi can lead to Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) and Extensively-Drug Resistant (XDR) strains. To anticipate antibiotic resistance, alternative solutions such as medicinal plants with antibacterial properties, like Etlingera elatior leaves, have been explored.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract from Etlingera elatior leaves against Salmonella typhi growth in vitro.

Method: This research is experimental in nature. Etlingera elatior leaf extract was obtained through maceration using 96% ethanol as a solvent, and the antibacterial activity was tested using the well diffusion method.

Results: The results showed that the ethanol extract of Etlingera elatior leaves exhibited inhibition zones at concentrations of 25% (16.57mm, strong category), 50% (17.9mm, strong category), 75% (19.05mm, strong category), and 100% (20.42mm, very strong category). A p-value of <0.001 indicates a significant difference based on ANOVA analysis.

Conclusion: Ethanol extract of Etlingera elatior leaves demonstrates antibacterial activity against the growth of Salmonella typhi.